The P=NP Question and Gödel's Lost Letter

von: Richard J. Lipton

Springer-Verlag, 2010

ISBN: 9781441971555 , 239 Seiten

Format: PDF, OL

Kopierschutz: Wasserzeichen

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The P=NP Question and Gödel's Lost Letter


 

Preface

6

Acknowledgements

8

Contents

9

A Prologue

12

A Walk In the Snow

13

On the P=NP Question

16

Algorithms: Tiny Yet Powerful

17

Is P=NPWell Posed?

20

What Would You Bet?

25

What Happens When P= NP Is Resolved?

28

NP Too Big or P Too Small?

32

How To Solve P=NP?

34

Why Believe P Not Equal To NP?

37

A Nightmare About SAT

41

Bait and Switch

43

Who’s Afraid of Natural Proofs?

46

An Approach To P= NP

52

Is SAT Easy?

57

SAT is Not Too Easy

63

Ramsey’s Theorem and NP

68

Can They Do That?

72

Rabin Flips a Coin

77

A ProofWe All Missed

81

Barrington Gets Simple

84

Exponential Algorithms

88

An EXPSPACE Lower Bound

91

Randomness has Unbounded Power

97

Counting Cycles and Logspace

102

Ron Graham Gives a Talk

107

An Approximate Counting Method

111

Easy and Hard Sums

115

How To Avoid O-Abuse

122

How Good is The Worst Case Model?

124

Savitch’s Theorem

129

Adaptive Sampling and Timed Adversaries

133

On The Intersection of Finite Automata

139

Where are the Movies?

143

On Integer Factoring

145

Factoring and Factorials

146

BDD’s

150

Factoring and Fermat

157

On Mathematics

162

A Curious Algorithm

163

Edit Distance

169

Protocols

174

Erdös and the Quantum Method

178

Amplifiers

183

Amplifying on the PCR Amplifier

188

Mathematical Embarrassments

195

Mathematical Diseases

200

Mathematical Surprises

204

Gödel Lost Letter

212

Index

219