Non-Linear Optical Materials

front-matter

Table of Contents

1

1.1 Objectives

1.2 Optics: An Introduction

1.3 Linear optical medium

1.4 Theory of non-linear optics

1.5 Characterization techniques

1.5.1 X-ray diffraction

1.5.2 Grain size analysis from XRD

1.5.3 Micro-structural characterization

1.5.4 Scanning electron microscopy

1.5.5 Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS)

1.5.6 UV-Visible spectroscopy

1.6 Theoretical framework on charge density

1.6.1 Structure factors and electron density

1.6.2 Least-squares refinement

1.7 X-ray powder refinement technique through Rietveld method

1.7.1 The Rietveld strategy

1.7.2 Peak shape function

1.7.3 Peak width function

1.7.4 Profile asymmetry and peak shift

1.7.5 Preferred orientation function

1.7.6 Refinement procedure

1.7.7 Rietveld strategy with JANA2006

1.8 Entropy maximized charge density distribution

1.8.1 Overview of theoretical explanation of MEM

1.8.2 Advantages of maximum entropy method

1.8.3 Computational procedure of MEM

1.9 Local structure analysis by atomic pair distribution function (PDF)

1.9.1 Atomic pair distribution function (PDF)

1.9.2 Practical aspects of pair distribution function

1.10 A review of the NLO materials chosen for the present investigation

1.10.1 Lead molybdate (PbMoO4)

1.10.2 Lithium niobate (LiNbO3)

1.10.3 Ce doped gadolinium gallium garnet (Ce:Gd3Ga5O12)

1.10.4 Calcite (CaCO3)

1.10.5 Yb doped calcium fluoride (Yb:CaF2)

1.10.6 Aluminium oxide (Al2O3), Cr:Al2O3 and V:Al2O3

1.11 Scope of the present work

References

2

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Lead molybdate (PbMoO4)

2.2.1 Powder X-ray data analysis of PbMoO4

2.3 Lithium niobate (LiNbO3)

2.3.1 Sample preparation of LiNbO3

2.3.2 Powder X-ray analysis of LiNbO3

2.4 Gadolinium gallium garnet (Gd3Ga5O12)

2.4.1 Sample preparation of Gd3-xCexGa5O12

2.4.2 Powder X-ray analysis of Gd3-xCexGa5O12

2.5 Calcite (CaCO3)

2.5.1 Sample preparation of CaCO3

2.5.2 Powder X-ray analysis of CaCO3

2.6 Calcium fluoride (CaF2)

2.6.1 Sample preparation of Yb doped CaF2

2.6.2 Powder X-ray analysis of Yb doped CaF2

2.7 Aluminium oxide (Al2O3)

2.7.1 Powder X-ray data analysis of Al2O3, Cr:Al2O3 and V:Al2O3

2.8 Conclusion

References

3

3.1 Introduction

3.1.1 Optical band gap analysis

3.1.2 Size and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic analysis

3.2 Lead molybdate (PbMoO4)

3.2.1 Optical band gap analysis of PbMoO4

3.2.2 Size and EDS analysis of PbMoO4

3.3 Lithium niobate (LiNbO3)

3.3.1 Optical band gap analysis of LiNbO3

3.3.2 Size and EDS analysis of LiNbO3

3.4 Gadolinium gallium garnet (Gd3Ga5O12)

3.4.1 Optical band gap analysis of Gd3-xCexGa5O12

3.4.2 Size analysis of Gd3-xCexGa5O12

3.5 Calcite (CaCO3)

3.5.1 Optical band gap analysis of CaCO3

3.5.2 Size and EDS analysis of CaCO3

3.6 Calcium fluoride (CaF2)

3.6.1 Size and EDS analysis of Ca1-xYbxF2

3.7 Aluminium oxide (Al2O3)

3.7.1 Size and EDS analysis of Al2O3, Cr:Al2O3 and V:Al2O3

3.8 Conclusion

References

4

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Electron density analysis of PbMoO4

4.3 Electron density analysis of LiNbO3

4.4 Electron density analysis of Gd3-xCexGa5O12

4.5 Electron density analysis of CaCO3

4.6 Electron density analysis of Ca1-xYbxF2

4.7 Electron density analysis of Al2O3, Cr:Al2O3 and V:Al2O3

4.8 Conclusion

References

5

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Pair distribution function analysis of PbMoO4

5.3 Pair distribution function analysis of LiNbO3

5.4 Conclusion

References

6

1. Lead molybdate (PbMoO4)

2. Lithium niobate (LiNbO3)

3. Ce doped gadolinium gallium garnet (Ce:Gd3Ga5O12)

4. Calcite (CaCO3)

5. Yb doped calcium fluoride (Yb:CaF2)

6. Al2O3, Cr:Al2O3 and V:Al2O3

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