Ontology Management - Semantic Web, Semantic Web Services, and Business Applications

TABLE OF CONTENTS

FOREWORD

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

LIST OF REVIEWERS

LIST OF AUTHORS

Chapter 1 ONTOLOGIES: STATE OF THE ART, BUSINESS POTENTIAL, AND GRAND CHALLENGES

1. ONTOLOGIES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS

1.1 Different notions of the term ontology

1.2 Ontologies vs. knowledge bases, XML schemas, and knowledge organization systems

1.3 Six characteristic variables of an ontology project

2. SIX EFFECTS OF ONTOLOGIES

2.1 Using philosophical notions as guidance for identifying stable and reusable conceptual elements

2.2 Unique identifiers for conceptual elements

2.3 Excluding unwanted interpretations by means of informal semantics

2.4 Excluding unwanted interpretations by means of formal semantics

2.5 Inferring implicit facts automatically

2.6 Spotting logical inconsistencies

3. GRAND CHALLENGES OF ONTOLOGY CONSTRUCTION AND USE

3.1 Interaction with human minds

3.2 Integration with existing knowledge organization systems

3.3 Managing dynamic networks of formal meaning

3.4 Scalable infrastructure

3.5 Economic and legal constraints

3.6 Experience

4. CONCLUSION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

REFERENCES

Chapter 2 ENGINEERING AND CUSTOMIZING ONTOLOGIES

The Human-Computer Challenge in Ontology Engineering

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Terms frequently used in HCI

1.2 About ontological engineering

2. USERS IN ONTOLOGICAL ENGINEERING

2.1 Motivation and background

2.2 Overview of the observational user study

2.3 Findings from the user study

2.4 Lessons learned from the user study

3. USER INTERACTION WITH ONTOLOGIES

4. USERS AND ONTOLOGY ENGINEERING

4.1 User profiling

4.2 Navigating in complex conceptual structures

4.3 Customizing ontologies

4.4 Illustrative scenario— putting it all together

5. CONCLUSIONS

ADDITIONAL READING

REFERENCES

Chapter 3 ONTOLOGY MANAGEMENT INFRASTRUCTURES

1. INTRODUCTION AND MOTIVATION

2. STATE OF THE ART

2.1 Ontology infrastructures

2.2 Ontology development tools

2.3 Summary and remarks

3. REQUIREMENTS FOR ONTOLOGY MANAGEMENT INFRASTRUCTURES

3.1 Support for important ontology language paradigms

3.2 Support for networked ontologies

3.3 Lifecycle support

3.4 Collaboration support

4. NEON REFERENCE ARCHITECTURE

4.1 Eclipse as an integration platform

4.2 Infrastructure services

4.3 Engineering components

4.4 GUI components

5. CONCLUSIONS

ADDITIONAL READING

REFERENCES

Chapter 4 ONTOLOGY REASONING WITH LARGE DATA REPOSITORIES

1. INTRODUCTION

2. ONTOLOGY STORAGE AND REASONING: AN OVERVIEW

3. REASONING WITH WSML-DL

3.1 Reasoning with description logics

3.2 WSML-DL

3.3 Translation of WSML-DL to OWL DL

4. SEMANTIC BUSINESS PROCESS REPOSITORY

4.1 Requirements analysis

4.2 Comparison of storage mechanisms

4.3 Proposed solution

5. CONCLUSIONS AND DIRECTIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH

ADDITIONAL READING

REFERENCES

Chapter 5 ONTOLOGY EVOLUTION

State of the Art and Future Directions

1. INTRODUCTION

2. THE DYNAMIC ASPECTS OF ONTOLOGY ENGINEERING

2.1 Ontology engineering processes

2.2 Context dependencies

3. SINGLE ONTOLOGY EVOLUTION

3.1 Data schema evolution

3.2 Single user change process model

3.3 Versioning

4. COLLABORATIVE ONTOLOGY ENGINEERING

4.1 Collaborative change process model

4.2 Socio-technical requirements

4.3 Context dependency management

4.4 Argumentation and negotiation

4.5 Integration

5. CHALLENGES

5.1 Conflict management

5.2 Towards community-driven ontology evolution

6. SOFTWARE AND TOOLS

6.1 Protégé tool suite

6.2 KAON

6.3 WSMO Studio

6.4 DOGMA Studio

ADDITIONAL READING

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

REFERENCES

Chapter 6 ONTOLOGY ALIGNMENTS

An Ontology Management Perspective

1. RELATING ONTOLOGIES: FROM ONTOLOGY ISLANDS TO CONTINENT

2. ONTOLOGY MATCHING AND ALIGNMENTS

2.1 Alignments for expressing relations

2.2 Applications

2.3 Matching ontologies

3. TOWARDS ALIGNMENT MANAGEMENT

3.1 Why supporting alignments?

3.2 The alignment lifecycle

3.3 Requirements for alignment support

3.4 Example scenario: data mediation for Semantic Web services

4. DESIGN TIME ALIGNMENT SUPPORT

4.1 Requirements

4.2 Example design- time tool: Web Service Modeling Toolkit

5. ONTOLOGY ALIGNMENT MANAGEMENT AND MAINTENANCE

5.1 Alignment server for storing

5.2 Sharing alignments

5.3 Evolving and maintaining ontology alignments

6. ALIGNMENT PROCESSING

6.1 Query rewriting and instance transformation

6.2 Merging

6.3 Semantic data mediation

7. SOFTWARE AND TOOLS

8. CONCLUSIONS

ADDITIONAL READING

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

REFERENCES

Chapter 7 THE BUSINESS VIEW: ONTOLOGY ENGINEERING COSTS

1. INTRODUCTION

2. COST ESTIMATION FOR ONTOLOGY ENGINEERING

3. THE ONTOLOGY COST MODEL ONTOCOM

4. SOFTWARE AND TOOLS

5. STATE OF THE ART AND RELATED WORK

6. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

Chapter 8 ONTOLOGY MANAGEMENT IN E-BANKING APPLICATIONS

Integrating Third-Party Applications within an e-Banking Infrastructure

1. INTRODUCTION

2. SEMANTIC WEB SERVICES FOR E-BANKING

3. REUSING EXISTING CONSENSUS

4. EDITING AND BROWSING

5. CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

Chapter 9 ONTOLOGY-BASED KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SCENARIOS

1. INTRODUCTION

2. CASE STUDY: CONFIGURATION OF TEST CARS

3. ONTOLOGY MODELING

3.1 Concepts, relations, attributes, instances

3.2 Rules

3.3 Explanations

4. REASONING FOR ENGINEERING

4.1 Logical foundations

4.2 Debugging rules

4.3 Analyzing ontologies

4.4 Regression tests

5. INFORMATION INTEGRATION

5.1 Information sources for ontology contents

5.2 Database schema import

5.3 Database mappings

6. CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

Chapter 10 ONTOLOGISING COMPETENCIES IN AN INTERORGANISATIONAL SETTING

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Competencies as tacit knowledge

1.2 A real world case study: the Dutch bakery domain

2. INTERORGANISATIONAL ONTOLOGY ENGINEERING

2.1 DOGMA

2.2 DOGMA- MESS

3. EXPERIENCES

3.1 Editing and browsing

3.2 Reusing existing consensus

3.3 Ontology evolution

3.4 Tool support

3.5 Storage and retrieval

4. CONCLUSION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

REFERENCES

ABOUT THE EDITORS

INDEX