Europeanisation of Private Enforcement of Competition Law - The Case of Albania

This book argues that the European integration process (Europeanisation) is pushing the member states and candidate countries toward a greater convergence with the EU's competition acquis. Through the transposition of the Directive 2014/104/EU, the member states have harmonised substantive and procedural rules, which is beneficial to individuals and enterprises because it provides a minimum protection across all member states. In addition, it is commonly agreed in academia that the prospect of EU membership brings positive domestic changes in the candidate countries. At the moment, Albania is waiting to open negotiations for the chapters of the EU acquis.
Firstly, this book addresses the evolution of private enforcement at the European level by examining the objectives, modalities, and actors that contributed to the development of private enforcement. Secondly, it analyses the Directive 2014/104/EU and how the three selected EU member states have transposed the directive into their domestic legal system considering the discretion margin left by Article 288 TFEU and a minimum harmonisation level defined in the directive. Thirdly, it provides a historical overview of private enforcement in Albania and shows how the Albanian Competition Authority has addressed the transposition of the Directive 2014/104/EU.

Gentjan Skara holds an integrated diploma in law from University of Tirana (Albania) and two master degree: one in 'European Studies' from Epoka University (Albania) and a LLM master program for 'South East European Law and European Integration' from University of Graz (Austria). During 2016-2019, Genti attended the PhD program in 'EU Law and National Legal System' at University of Ferrara and defended his thesis on 31 March 2020. His PhD thesis focuses on the EU private enforcement of competition law and its impact on Albanian competition law. Moreover, from August 2020 to August 2021, Genti attended Post-PhD Program in 'Law and Technology' organised from the Mediterranea International Centre for Human Rights (Italy). From October 2012, Genti has been a full-time member of the Department of Law at 'Bedër' University College teaching International and EU law courses. His research interest includes: EU Law, Enlargement process, EU Competition law and Artificial Intelligence. Besides academic engagement, Genti is a National Legal expert for the 'Internal Market and Competition' of EU acquis near the Ministry of European and Foreign Affairs, Republic of Albania.