Windows Mobile Game Development - Building games for the Windows Phone and other mobile devices

Title Page

Copyright Page

Dedication Page

Contents at a Glance

Table of Contents

About the Author

About the Technical Reviewer

Acknowledgments

Introduction

Goal of This Book

Who This Book Is For

Chapter Overview

PART 1 Windows Mobile Development

CHAPTER 1 Windows Mobile and .NET

Looking Closely at .NET for Windows Mobile

Language Choices

The .NET Runtime Libraries

IDE Features

Emulators

Form Designer

Breakpoints

Debug Output

Preparing for Windows Mobile Development Challenges

Numerous Windows Mobile Versions and Editions

Windows CE

Pocket PC

Windows Mobile

Windows Phones

Hardware Considerations

Touch Screens

Hardware Buttons

Processors

Screen Size

Graphics Hardware

Cooperation with Devices

Using Visual Studio for Windows Mobile Development

Installing Visual Studio

Creating a Windows Mobile Project

Visual Studio 2005

Visual Studio 2008

Project Templates

Designing a Form

Running the Application

Working with the Emulators

Device Selection

Sharing Files with an Emulated Device

Re-enabling Alt-Tab

Emulator State

Obtaining More Emulators

Targeting Different Platforms

Running on a Real Device

Deployment Problems

Removing the Security Warnings

Changing the Deployment Directory

Debugging

Breakpoints

Debug Output

Getting Help

MSDN

Search Engines

Microsoft’s Windows Mobile Developer Center

Newsgroups

Windows Mobile Game Development

Suitable Games

Graphics APIs

GDI

GAPI

DirectDraw

Direct3D

OpenGL ES

Technologies Used in This book

Welcome to the World of Windows Mobile Development

CHAPTER 2 Mastering the User Interface

Developing for Touch Screen and Smart Phone Devices

The User Interface Controls

Forms

AutoScaleMode Property

ControlBox Property

FormFactor Property

MinimizeBox Property

Text Property

WindowState Property

Resize Event

Creating Non-Full-Screen Forms

Losing and Gaining Focus

Labels

Buttons

Menu Bars

Menu Design Considerations

Submenus

Smart Phone Menus

Working with MainMenu Controls

MainMenu Events

Menu Item Naming

Context Menus

Timers

Timer Initialization

Concurrent Tick Events

Timers on Inactive Forms

Other Timers

File Dialog Controls

Input Panels

Capturing Camera Images

The “Busy” Cursor

On with the Game

PART 2 Creating Games

CHAPTER 3 GDI Graphics

All About GDI

Let’s Paint

Invalidating a Form

The Drawing Coordinate System

Colors

Pens and Brushes

Pens

Brushes

Drawing Lines

Drawing Polygons

Drawing Rectangles

Drawing Ellipses

Working with Pixels

Displaying Text

Using Different Fonts

Centering Text

Clearing the Background

Painting in Action

Bitmaps

Creating Bitmaps Using Graphics Primitives

Creating Bitmaps from Predrawn Graphics

Embedding Graphic Resources

Reading Graphics from Files

A Note About Graphic File Formats

Painting Bitmaps to the Screen

Partial Bitmap Copying

Scaling

Color Keys

Bitmaps in Action

Smooth Animation

Getting the Most From GDI

CHAPTER 4 Taming the Device with the Game Engine

Designing the Game Engine

Implementing the Engine

CGameEngineBase

Managing Game Objects

Game Mechanics

Initializing Start-Up

Resetting the Game

Rendering

Updating the Game State

Advancing the Game

Adding Other Functions

CGameObjectBase

Positioning Objects

Storing Object States

Object Mechanics

CGameObjectGDIBase

Setting the Object State for GDI

Object movement

CGameEngineGDIBase

Rendering

Advancing the Game

CGameFunctions

Using the Game Engine

Creating the Bounce Example Game

CBounceGame

CObjBall

Getting the Game Running

Optimizing Rendering

Adding, Updating, and Deleting Objects

Forcing a Repaint

Performance Impact

Other Engine Features

Interacting with the Device

Minimizing and Restoring

Resizing the Form

Handling the SIP

Checking Device Capabilities

Future Enhancements

Next Steps

CHAPTER 5 Timing to Perfection

Affirming the Need for Consistent Timing

Processor Speed

Graphics Performance

Multitasking

Processing and Graphical Complexity

Development Mode vs. Released Code

Overcoming Performance Inconsistencies

Fixed Interval Updates

Dynamic Update Intervals

The Problem with Dynamic Intervals

Interpolated Updates

Applying Interpolated Updates to a Game

Update Frequency

Distinguishing Between Updates and Frames

Using an External Timer

DateTime.Now

Environment.TickCount

The High-Performance Timer

Timing in the Game Engine

Initializing and Interrogating the Timer

Changes to the Interpolation-Based Functions

CGameEngineBase

CGameEngineGDIBase

CGameObjectBase

CGameObjectGDIBase

Changes to the Noninterpolation Functions

Using the Game Engine

Let’s Bounce Again

CHAPTER 6 Exploring User Input

Touch Screen Input

Touch Screen Events

Click

DoubleClick

MouseDown

MouseUp

MoveMove

Selecting, Dragging, and Swiping

Selecting an Object

Dragging Objects

Swiping Objects

Adding Context Menus

Using Finger-Friendly Input

Using Multitouch Input?

Using Button and Keyboard Input

Button and Keyboard Events

KeyPress

KeyDown

KeyUp

Reading the Keyboard State

Input from the SIP

Choosing the Keyboard Input Method

Reading From an Accelerometer

Initializing the Accelerometer

Reading Data from the Accelerometer

Detecting the Presence of a Supported Accelerometer

Supporting Devices With No Accelerometer

Considering Input Design

CHAPTER 7 Sounding Out with Game Audio

Understanding Sound File Types

Exploring the Available Sound APIs

Using the Sound APIs

PlaySound

System.Media.SoundPlayer

AygShell Sound Functions

BASS.dll

Wrapping BASS.NET

Using BASS and BASS.NET in Your Projects

Adding Support for Sounds to the Game Engine

Choosing a Sound API

Make Some Noise

CHAPTER 8 Game in Focus: GemDrops

Designing the Game

Creating the GemDrops Design Brief

Conceptualizing the Game Controls

Choosing the Sound Effects

Outlining the Minimum Requirements

Writing the Game

Creating the Project

Creating the Game Form

Preparing the Game

Creating the Gem Game Object

Resetting the Game

Pausing the Game

Displaying the Player Gems

Enhancing CObjGem

Enhancing the Game Class

Updating the Player’s Gems

Adding Player Control

Moving the Gems to the Side

Rotating the Gems

Quickly Dropping the Gems

Implementing Control in the User Interface

Removing Gems from the Board

Removing Gem Groups

Removing Rainbow Gems

Creating Score Objects

Finishing Up

CHAPTER 9 Common Game Components

Managing Game Settings

Using the Settings Class

Understanding How the CSettings Class Works

Accessing the Settings Object

Setting and Retrieving Values

Loading and Saving Settings

Replacing the MessageBox

Using the MessageBox Class

Understanding How the CMessageBox Class Works

Accessing the Message Box Object

Displaying the Message

Creating a High Score Table

Using the High Score Class

Setting the Dialog Presentation Properties

Initializing the High Score Table

Displaying the High Scores Dialog

Understanding How the CHighScores Class Works

Accessing the HighScores Objects

Understanding the Data Structure

Presenting High Scores

Storing Data

Creating an About Box

Using the About Box Class

Understanding How the CAboutBox Class Works

Accessing the About Box Objects

Displaying the About Box

Using Common Game Components

PART 3 OpenGL ES Graphics

CHAPTER 10 A New Window on the World with OpenGL ES

Preparing to Use OpenGL

Hardware Support

Language Support

Understanding the OpenGL Features

Performance

Scaling and Rotation

Transparency and Alpha Blending

Rendering in 3D

Abstract Coordinate System

Color Specification

Drawing Primitives

Textures

Using OpenGL in Visual Studio.NET

Calling OpenGL from Managed Languages

Understanding OpenGL’s Rendering Approach

Considering the Hardware Capabilities and Limitations

Closing OpenGL Applications

Creating an OpenGL Program

Configuring the Project

Creating the OpenGL Environment

Initializing OpenGL

Rendering Graphics in OpenGL

Adding Form Functions

Terminating OpenGL

Running the Program

Adding Some Sparkle

Using Matrix Transformations

Setting the Identity Matrix

Applying Translation Transformations

Applying Rotation Transformations

Applying Scaling Transformations

Applying Multiple Transformations

Rotating Objects

Scaling Objects

Specifying Vertex Positions

Pushing and Popping the Matrix

Practicing Matrix Transformations with Example Projects

The Orbits Project

The FractalTrees project

Drawing Functions

Drawing Points

Drawing Lines

Drawing Triangles

Using Texture Mapping

Loading Graphics

Rendering with Textures

Specifying Texture Coordinates

Cleaning Up

Using Transparency and Alpha Blending

Applying Transparency

Alpha Blending

Alpha Blending with Textures

Textures with Alpha Channels

Additive Texture Blending

Controlled Transparency of Textures

Knowing the Available Blending Factors

Understanding Orthographic Coordinate Systems

Taking Control of OpenGL

CHAPTER 11 Creating 2D Games with OpenGL

Adding OpenGL to the Game Engine

Understanding the CGameEngineOpenGLBase Class

Initializing OpenGL

Rendering Game Objects

Accessing the Graphics Library

Calling Utility Functions

Understanding the CGameObjectOpenGLBase Class

Setting the Object State for OpenGL

Rendering Quadrilaterals

Performing the Capabilities Check

Creating the Game Form

Using the OpenGL Game Engine

Preparing the Balloons Game

Setting up the Projection Matrix

Rendering the Balloons

Sorting the Balloons

Playing the Game

2D Possibilities with OpenGL

CHAPTER 12 The Ins and Outs of the Third Dimension

Understanding Perspective Projection

Understanding the Viewing Frustum

Defining the Viewing Frustum in OpenGL

Understanding the Depth Buffer

Enabling the Depth Buffer

Rendering Transparent Objects with the Depth Buffer

Rendering 3D Objects

Defining a 3D Object

Removing Hidden Surfaces

Using Indexed Triangles

Lighting Your Projects

Introducing the Lights and Materials

Exploring the Types of Illumination

Ambient Light

Diffuse Light

Specular Light

Using Material Properties

Ambient Material

Diffuse Material

Specular Material

Material Shininess

Emissive Material

Exploring Light and Material Interaction

Using Multiple Lights

Reusing Lights

Exploring the Types of Light Source

Directional Lights

Point Lights

Spotlights

Calculating Light Reflections in OpenGL

Describing a Triangle’s Face Direction

Calculating Normals

Using Surface Normals and Vertex Normals

Adding Light to the Game Engine

Enabling Lighting

Adding the Game Engine Light Functions

Creating Directional Lights

Creating Point Lights

Creating Spotlights

Setting the Scene’s Ambient Light

Setting Material Properties

OpenGL Lighting in Action

Calculating Normals Programmatically

Using Normals with Scaled Objects

Mastering the 3D World

CHAPTER 13 Further OpenGL Features and Techniques

Importing Geometry

Introducing SketchUp

Creating 3D Objects in SketchUp

Exporting 3D Geometry

Using the .0bj File Format

Importing Geometry into the Game Engine

Retrieving Geometry Data

Manipulating Geometry Data

Reading Geometry Data from .obj Files

Using the Geometry Loader Class

Moving the Camera

Positioning the Camera

Adding Camera Objects to the Game Engine

Lights, Camera, Action!

Optimizing the Camera Calculation

Cameras and the Projection Matrix

Rendering Fog

Adding Fog Support to the Game Engine

Using Fog

Working with Billboards

Rendering Billboards

Adding Billboard Support to the Game Engine

Learning More about OpenGL ES

CHAPTER 14 Distributing Your Game

Preparing a Game for Distribution

Settings the Assembly Properties

Project Versioning

Creating an Icon

Building Distribution Packages

Switching into Release Mode

Creating the Setup Project

Adding the Setup Project’s Files

Creating a Programs Menu Shortcut

Building the CAB File

Selling Games

Creating Evaluation Applications

Upgrading to Full Versions

Using Windows Marketplace for Mobile

Minimizing Piracy

Implementing Reverse Engineering

Obfuscating with Dotfuscator Community Edition

Using Advanced Obfuscation

Control Flow Obfuscation

String Encryption

Symbol Renaming Schemes

Reflector.NET Protection

Resource Protection

Adding Obfuscated Files to CAB Setup Projects

Releasing New Versions of Your Game

Promoting Your Game

Go Create!

Index